Greatest Happiness Principle

In his book Utilitarianism, philosopher John Stuart Mills expands and defends the notion of using the theory of utility to decipher between right and wrong, good or bad, in an attempt ‘to rescue it from utter degradation’ from those who have misapplied the theory.   This brief essay will summarize Mills’ view of utilitarianism by outlining its main themes and issues.Mills is primarily concerned with determining how feelings of pleasure, beauty and happiness play into our ethical standards.   His theory is founded upon the belief that a rational human being will make choices and act with the goal of achieving and fulfilling the greatest utility.   For Mills, the words pleasure and utility are interchangeable, a point he makes in reference to criticism received by previous theories of utility that limited the range of utility’s possibilities.In contrast to his predecessors, Mills advances the Greatest-Happiness Principle in chapter two.   This princip le holds that any action can be judged ‘right’ or ‘good’ as long as they promote happiness.   In fact, the principle states that the degree of ‘rightness’ or ‘goodness’ of an act stands in direct proportion to the amount of happiness the act promotes.This has far ranging consequences because it is not limited to the happiness achieved by an individual in each context, but more importantly it takes into account the greatest human happiness that results from any particular action.Utilitarianism, then, creates a model by which human beings can gauge their actions with the metric of utility for all.   His proof of utilitarianism therefore shows how happiness can be morally desired as a end in and of itself.   It promotes people to act in accordance with the greatest common good.   People not only benefit themselves by acting in this noble way, but they benefit all of humanity in the process.

Retaining Top Performers During Change

According to Judith Ross, â€Å"coping with change is a permanent part of the manager’s job†. Since this is an established fact, one would expect that manager would strive at retaining the top performers – those that have been instrumental to the growth of the company before the period of change. However, it would be shocking to note that often times than not, these top performers are not retained. The question here is why do managers fail to retain these strategic employees?Generally, one thing that happens when there is a change in the organization, the leaders or managers are often â€Å"too busy† handling matters that concern the paper work. Thus, they rarely communicate the essential information these top performers who in turn make different interpretations to what they are seeing. In periods of change, the managers are under pressure and they seem to worry more on the structure rather than those employees that made the structure.Therefore, Top perfo rmers are left to navigate their way through the happenings in the company and because these set of employees are passionate about their careers; they are forced to look elsewhere because they see no future, assurance in the restructuring. Furthermore, when managers do not communicate effectively to their employees, especially those top performers, there are unintended consequences. From my experience from the paper, I discovered that in times of change, when managers do not communicate the specifics to their employees, they are forced to imagine the worst that can happen and decide on this.These consequences should be a source of concern to organizations because these top performers are the backbone of the organization. Personally, if I were the manager in my organization, whenever there is change, the first people I would do is to sell the change to my top performers. I would explain the why, the how, and the specifics. I would immediately involve them in the change. Reference: Ro ss, J. (2006). Retaining top performers during change. Harvard Business Review.

Australian Securities and Investment mission Law

In the case of ASIC v Sydney Investment House Equities Pty Ltd [2008] NSWSC 1224 (21 November 2008) Australian Securities and Investment mission is the plaintiff and Mr. Goulding is the 3 rd out of the 9 defendants. In this case, the plaintiff had made a claim against the defendant that he had mitted various infringements of the provisions of the Corporation Act 2001 (CA) and the Australian Securities and Investment mission Act 2001 with respect to his role as the director of several panies prising the Sydney Investment House Group . The plaintiff seeks from the court against the defendant that he should be he should be disqualified for an appropriate period from managing corporations and prevented from providing any financial services within Australia. However, the plaintiff had not made any claims for the imposition of any kind of penalties and others orders with respect to pensation payment.   The plaintiff had initially brought proceedings against eight panies, which belonged to the SIG group. Mr. Goulding and the Mr. Geagea (fourth defendant) were or acting as the directors of most of the panies which are all in liquidation. Application made by the fourth defendant with respect to Section 29.9(1) (a) and 29.10 one after the other against the claim of the plaintiff were dismissed by the court. The court in this case had to determine the fourth defendant mitted the breach of the provisions related to director’s duty or not. The plaintiff claimed that the court should determine that the following breached were mitted by the defendant with respect to the Corporation Act and the Australian Investment and Securities mission Act. The court in this case held the fourth defendant liable for the breach every allegation made by the ASIC. With respect to this decision, the court considered the following law. The court took into consideration the provisions of Section 180. The Section states that it is the duty of the and other officers of a pany to use their powers and exercise their duties with proper diligence and care which any reasonable person would have used if they were an officer or director of the pany in similar circumstance or held or occupied such a position in the pany similar to that of the directors and officers (Gerner, Paech and Schuster 2013).   The court in this case held that the defendant was liable for the breach of this Section by not observing diligence and care while discharging his duties as the director of the panies. The court also considered the provisions of Section 181 of the Corporation Act 2001 with respect to this decision. The Section states that it is the duty of the directors and the other officers of the pany to discharge their responsibilities towards the pany in good faith and in the best possible interest of the pany (Gelter and Helleringer 2013). In addition, the directors and other officers of the pany must discharge their duties for a proper purpose towards the pany. Duties in this Section refer to the statutory duty, which the direct owns towards the pany with respect to the general law o fiduciary duties. The court in this case also considered the decision provided in the case of Chew v R  (1991) 4 WAR 21, where the court held that good faith means (Knepper et al. 2015) The court in this case reading Section 184 of the CA along with Section 181, the Section can be breached if the director has not acted in the best interest of the pany, even if there is no act of dishonesty mitted by the director (Huebner and Klein 2015). The court also considered the provisions of Section 182 of the CA in deciding this case, according to the provisions of the Section it is the duty of the directors and other officers of the pany not to gain unfair advantaged for someone else or themselves by making unfair use of their position in the corporation. In addition, the directors and other officers of the corporations are not allowed to use their position in the pany to cause detriment to the pany. The court also considered the decision made in the case of ASIC V Adler 458 which held that entering into an agreement by the director which provides him with unfair advantage is the breach of Section 180,181,182 of the CA (Keay 2012). In the case of R v Byrnes  [1995] HCA 1;  (1995) 183 CLR 501 the court held that   if a director of a corporation acts with respect to a transaction in which the part to whom he owns a fiduciary duty gains benefits without making proper disclosure in relation to his interest, then the directo r is deemed to act improperly with respect to Section 182 of the CA (Welch et al. 2015). In addition, this would also lead to the breach of the provision of good faith provided in Section 181 of the act. In the case of Chew v The Queen  [1992] HCA 18, the court held the provisions of Section 180,181,182 of the CA can be reached by mere conduct to a director to attain unfair advantaged or himself or someone else , it is not relevant in this case that whether the advantage was actually breached or not (Stout et al. 2016). With respect to the decision made by the court in this case the court also considered that although the corporation itself owes the duties imposed by Section 181 and 180 of the CA the direct could be held liable for the breach of provisions of these sections (Land and Saunders 2014). This breach can arise from making or not preventing the corporation from breaching the provisions of law, which may indirectly involve failure to exercise skill and care towards the interest of the pany on the part of the directors (Fairfax 2013). After making such findings, the courts focused on the individual breaches, which were made by the defendant.   With respect to the first breach of making loans the question before the court was to determine whether the pleading made by the ASIC   are enough for the orders sought by them against the defendant and whether the objection of ASIC with respect to final formulation of loans were made out. The court in this case held that both the questions before the court were in favor of ASIC nod the defendant sis liable for the breach of Section 181 and 181 of the CA by making such loans (Prashker 2014). In relation to the allegation of rollovers against the defendant the question before the court was whether the orders sought by the plaintiff was in accordance with the pleading and whether roll over transaction finally formulated had been made out or not. After analyzing the submissions made by both ASIC and the fourth defendant the court decided that the defendant had breached directors duty by getting involved in the roll over transaction as alleged by the plaintiff. In addition the court also decided that the order sought with respect to roll over transaction were according to the pleadings made by the plaintiff. The court held that it is clear that the fourth defendant was clearly the sole director of equities and capital and he allowed the pany to go forward with a role over transaction by issuing preference share without any consideration and subsequently breached the provision of Section 180 and 181 of the CA (Donner 2016). The court also held that the defendant breached the provisions of Section 182 by causing detriment to the cpmpany through his actions (Bilchitz and Jonas 2016).    With respect to misappropriation, after considering the submissions made by both the plaintiff and the defendant the court had two factors to analyze firstly whether according to the submission of the defendant the defects in pleading made by the plaintiff is extreme and defies all principles of pleadings. Secondly, to what extent the allegation with respect to misappropriation are true. The court in this case held that the payment made by the pany were made for non business and in proper purpose or to give unfair advantage to the defendant and these payments were made to be caused by the defendant himself breaching the provisions of Section 180-182 of the CA. The court held the same with respect to unregistered managed investment scheme by not registering the investment scheme and therefore a breach of the defendant’s duty of care as provided in Section 180(1) of the CA along with the breach on Section 181 by not acting in best interest of the pany (Bruce 2013). The court had a different view with respect to the breach of reporting failure by capital. The court held the the defendant breach the provisions of Section 180 by not plying with his duty of care towards the pany. However, the court held that the defendant did not breach the provisions of Section 181 in this situation, as his acts cannot be considered not to be in good faith. The findings conducted by the court in this case are broadly discussed the range and limits of the duties of directors and other officers towards the pany. The provisions provided in Section 180-182 of the CA have a very wide but simple meaning to them. Through this case the court made it clear that the it is not necessary that detriment was actually caused to the corporation or unfair advantage was actually gained by the director , it is enough that the directors acted in such a way which would have resulted in such problem. Bilchitz, D. and Jonas, L.A., 2016. Proportionality, Fundamental Rights and the Duties of Directors.  Oxford Journal of Legal Studies, p.gqw002. Bruce, M., 2013.  Rights and duties of directors. Bloomsbury Publishing. Donner, I.H., 2016. Fiduciary Duties of Directors When Managing Intellectual Property.  Nw. J. Tech. & Intell. Prop.,  14, p.203. Fairfax, L.M., 2013. Sue on Pay: Say on Pay's Impact on Directors' Fiduciary Duties.  Ariz. L. Rev.,  55, p.1. Gelter, M. and Helleringer, G., 2013. Constituency Directors and Corporate Fiduciary Duties.  Fort ing: The Philosophical Foundations of Fiduciary Law (Andrew Gold & Paul Miller eds., Oxford University Press, 2014). Gerner-Beuerle, C., Paech, P. and Schuster, E.P., 2013. Study on directors’ duties and liability. Huebner, M.S. and Klein, D.S., 2015. The Fiduciary Duties of Directors of Troubled panies.  American Bankruptcy Institute Journal,  34(2), p.18. Keay, A., 2012. Directors’ duties to creditors and financially distressed panies’. Keay, A., 2016. Wider Representation on pany Boards and Directors’ Duties.  Journal of International Banking and Financial Law,  31(9), pp.530-533. Keay, A.R., 2014.  Directors' duties. Knepper, W.E., Bailey, D.A., Bowman, K.B., Eblin, R.L. and Lane, R.S., 2015.  Duty of Loyalty  (Vol. 1). Liability of Corporate Officers and Directors. Land, A.L. and Saunders, R.S., 2014.  Folk on the Delaware General Corporation Law: Fundamentals. Aspen Publishers Online. Prashker, L., 2014. Corporation Law for Officers and Directors (Book Note). Stout, L.A., Robà ©, J.P., Ireland, P., Deakin, S., Greenfield, K., Johnston, A., Schepel, H., Blair, M.M., Talbot, L.E., Dignam, A.J. and Dine, J., 2016. The Modern Corporation Statement on pany Law. Tewari, S.P., 2015. Directors Fiduciary Duty not to make Secret Gains. Welch, E.P., Saunders, R.S., Land, A.L., Voss, J.C. and Turezyn, A.J., 2015.  Folk on the Delaware General Corporation Law: Fundamentals. Wolters Kluwer Law & Business.

Credit crunch Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Credit crunch - Essay Example The people have started to understand the real issues behind this credit crunch because it has impacted their lives in a very negative way. It has turned the rich into poor very quickly and the poor have no where to hide as well (Author Unknown 2008). In essence, the credit crunch has played absolute havoc with the people of this world and there seems to be no stopping on this premise at all. Much needs to be done and for that to happen, the world’s biggest financial and economic bodies need to sit down together and devise a way for further progress and resilience within these areas. The historic basis of this credit crunch started when some of the world’s leading banks and financial institutions came down crashing some 2 years back. It brought with it a plethora of issues and troubles for the people, be them within the small sized markets or within the big institutions that played with the economic issues of the people. The move destroyed the basis of any economic activity within the world and hence these activities came to a standstill all of a sudden. American and British companies started to see downsizing and job cuts, which meant that more people started to lose their jobs and they had to bear the direct consequences due to this credit crunch. What was worse was the fact that the established companies which were doing pretty well within the global contexts also came down crashing (Anderson 2007). The liquidity basis was therefore hit very badly and the people within the financial groups were blamed for such a situation that had arisen in the first p lace. The historic basis of credit crunch has resulted due to a number of reasons apart from these as well. The dependence of one money regime over the other has also been the root cause behind such debacle in the first place and therefore the blame must be shared amongst all concerned. What is worst is the fact that people have been at the mercy of such financial

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 25

Marketing - Essay Example r that is usually thrown away is recycled and introduced into the value chain again as a new product and it must be noted that this takes less energy than using unprocessed raw materials. Paper normally thrown away from a hole punch is pulped using manual methods and it is made into different products which include stationery and document holders, artifact related products such as decorative frames depicting various pictures, paper vases, bags as well as paper towels among others. Stationary holders or vases can be skillfully made used recycled paper which is first pulped to take another new from. These holders can be molded into different shapes depending on the desire of the artists. These holders are more suitable for housed hold or official use where they are kept on desks where movement would be limited. In most cases, these vases would also serve the decorative purpose. Other products which can be made using recycled paper include decorative frames that can be hanged on the walls either in homes, offices or other public buildings such as halls or churches. Manually recycled paper often produces hard card boards which can be easily used as wall or picture frames. These frames are either decorated with various pictures depicting different artifacts or different messages can be inscribed on them. Holding bags of varying sizes can also be made from recycled paper as well. b) These products are likely to be in demand as a result of the fact that they would have been skillfully made in such a very attractive manner. In most cases, these products from waste paper are meant for decorative purposes meant to display artistic prowess by different artists. Art is used for different purposes in life hence, there would be likely chances of products being demanded by those who naturally admire hand made crafts. Indeed, artifacts are used for various purposes and there is need for the artist to first identify different things that can interest as well as satisfy the needs

Natural disaster, early warning and the role of mobile Essay

Natural disaster, early warning and the role of mobile - Essay Example e in Noah’s time which wiped out the whole world except Noah and his family; the January 24, 1556 earthquake in Shaanxi, China which snuffed the lives of 830,000 Chinese; the 1835 New York City conflagration which demolished 500 buildings; the March 18, 1925 tornadoes in Illinois, Indiana and Minnesota, USA which exterminated 689 lives; and the tidal waves cum floods that slaughtered some 900,000 lives along the Huang He River in China that fateful day in 1887 ( Hoffman 540-542), humanity absorbed all the losses with complete helplessness and came out of the trying experience traumatised but with a will to start life all over again. Today’s disasters taught humanity to respond and prepare to that moment when nature on a mad rampage delivers once again its deathly whipping that normally results to a gnashing of teeth. Today governments and the private sector or various non-government organisations exert gargantuan efforts to resist these natural catastrophes. They have l earned to formulate strategies to mitigate the destructive effects of these cataclysms. The first conceived step is the establishment of early warning systems wherein accurate, timely information about incoming disasters is gathered and relayed to specific agencies designed to With early warning systems, the menacing effects of these catastrophes can be diminished when communities are forewarned and given enough time to prepare especially to evacuate. The accurate measurement of seismic waves as invented in 1935 by Charles Richter (McCarthy 433) using the seismograph invented as early as 132AD by Zhang Heng was a high landmark in the forewarning of an incoming devastating earthquake (Henshaw 185). A more important invention that allowed man to brace against the merciless onslaught of typhoons, cyclones or hurricanes was the TIROS-1, invented by NASA scientists in 1960 and which became the very first weather satellite that can detect hurricanes, typhoons or cyclones, which are basically

Literature College Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Literature College - Essay Example In this kind of struggle we will see that a deep sense of pride in their heritage and culture is the power that enable them to counter the prejudices and priorities of the white dominant culture and help them preserve what they value most, regain what they were deprived of and find their place in the modern world. Carol Geddes (2007) recounted such a struggle. She reminisced her growing years as a native in their home in the Yukon Bush and the experiences of living in a culture where family, the extended kind, was of paramount importance. She recalled the most heart warming memory as the "feeling of acceptance" and "security in every pair of arms" that carried her, as children were wont to be carried and passed upon during those times (Geddes 86). And this experience was something magnified and replicated in their whole village (Geddes 87). The advent of the Alaska Highway presaged the end of their way of life; and the "tremendous upheaval for Yukon native people" (Geddes 88) was beyond the intelligence or concern of the whites. While the family culture did not vanish the socio-physical dislocation introduced elements - alcoholism, absentee parent, epidemics, broken family - that began to threaten it (Geddes 88). The concept of education along with religion - meant to bring about the best in people - were the very ones that seek to crucify to death the native's sense of personal worth. Geddes recalled one incident in school where the teacher, either ignorant or unmindful of the Indian boy- girl social role, asked her to answer a question her cousin was not able to answer, something unthinkable in Indian society, and which devastated both her and her cousin. She recalled how subject assignment without giving the native students prerogative to choose cast them as "stupid" and she remembered how the experience was "terribly undermining" (Geddes 90). Another aspect that ran conflict with white's dominance and touched the very core of their being was their sense of identity as a people. Another native Canadian, Thomas King (2007) recalled how as a young boy of twelve her mother could not be intimidated to declare herself as Canadian but insisted on identifying her citizenship as Blackfoot before Border Immigration Officers, both from the Canadian and American

Contemporary issues in development finance Essay - 2

Contemporary issues in development finance - Essay Example world, the emerging economies are also suffering from fragile public finances, low Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), huge unemployment and high inequality. Many countries such as Mexico, Greece, Spain and Portugal etc. suffers from high inequality and poverty due to utilization of only one engine of growth. Financial development aims to recover such countries from poor economic condition through ensuring equitable capital allocation, monitoring investments and corporate governance, mobilization of savings pool and managing risk. However, some of the economists are of the opinion that the policies taken by development finance leads to widen the gap of inequality further (Clark, 2006). In this paper, the relationship between inequality and financial development will be critically analysed in the light of theories and empirical evidences. For the purpose of analysis, the case of Mexico will be incorporate in order to examine the level of inequality and poverty exists in that particular e conomy and how the measures of financial development is helping the economy to progress from its current economic situation. Development finance holds huge importance mainly for promoting economic growth through capital accumulation, mobilization of savings for technological inclusion and poverty eradication. The system also aims to encourage the flow of foreign capital. In fact, a meta analysis done on the basis of 67 empirical studies have shown strong correlation between the metrics of development finance and economic growth. Analysing the cases of courtiers with sound tend of economic development, it has been identified that development finance has worked as a driver of economic growth in those countries. The system also strives for better risk management that helps the vulnerable group of the society to obtain opportunities for enhancing their productivity and expands the investment avenue so that the group can generate higher income. Development finance facilitates the growth of

Vacation in Austria Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Vacation in Austria - Essay Example When we landed in Vienna, the capital city of Austria, we were received by guides working for the travel agent we had sourced to assist us throughout our stay. The weather was unsurprisingly cooler since Austria’s climate is temperate in nature. From the airport, we were taken to the hotel where we would live for the duration of our vacation. It was located about 5 kilometres from the airport. On the way to the hotel, my sister marvelled at how clean and serene the city was, but the taxi driver remarked that her observation was informed by our location: the outskirts of the city. According to him, the central business district was livelier, busier, noisier, and more chaotic. At night, we were served a buffet meal consisting of, among others, roast potatoes, vegetable salads, roasted lamb, grilled chicken, and dessert. In the morning, we set off for our first attraction: Seefold skiing resort. This resort has one of the best terrains that suits skiers who are in the beginner or intermediate levels (Costa, Panyik, & Buhalis, 2014:42). We practiced skating while taking the features of its amazing nature reserve. After that, we proceeded to Hohensalzburg Castle, which is one of the most well-maintained and largest medieval cast les in the European continent. Its location at the peak Festungsberg Mountain makes it seem like it is towering above and staring down at the city of Salzburg (Costa, Panyik, & Buhalis, 2014:45). However, the most exciting attraction in the castle was the â€Å"Salzburg Bull.† This is an organ that has more than 200 pipes. It is a spectacular piece of medieval design and a symbol of Salzburg’s identity. Over the remaining period of our vacation, we visited other top tourist attractions such as the Melk Abbey, the Vienna State Opera, Hofburg Imperial Palace, the Innsbruck Altstadt, St Anton am Arlberg,

Health promotion strategy for asthmatic children Essay

Health promotion strategy for asthmatic children - Essay Example 3). The scope of this paper is to discuss the pathophysiology of asthma in children regardless of their location, the psychosocial and cultural impact upon both the children themselves as well as caregivers, analyze the nurse's role in promoting self management, discuss the health promotion strategies of both Taiwan and the UK while applying them to patient needs and, finally, to provide an overview of the pharmacological agents available for treatment. Although they have different approaches, both Taiwan and the UK have workable health promotion strategies to assist asthmatic children. Breathing is a process that most people take for granted; airway passages automatically carry air into our lungs where blood is oxygenated and, in a normal person, this process is only challenged under acute circumstances like smoke inhalation (Clark, 2003, p. 44). Asthma, however, "is a condition involving the branches (bronchioles) of the bronchial tree...in asthma, these bronchioles become narrowed for many reasons" (Lieberman, 1999, p. 10), making breathing something that cannot be taken for granted. Asthmatics have airways that are hyperreactive, and become inflamed in response to: ..seemingly modest irritants. ... The linings of the airways swell, excessive amounts of mucus are produced, and the smooth muscle tissue of the airways tightens or constricts (Clark, 2003, p. 44). Whether they reside in Asia or Europe, these characteristics in asthmatic children are the same. Accordingly, when assessing, planning and evaluating the care of the asthmatic child, the nurse must be especially aware of these conditions because the constriction of the circular muscles surrounding the bronchial tube can happen very quickly and, in severe cases, cause asphyxiation. Assessment should be based upon symptomatic presentation and observable behaviors of the child, paying particular attention to excess mucus production which con-tributes to wheezing and difficulty in breathing. Planning and evaluation of the care for the child should include not only an awareness of the generalities, but also any specific allergens or other causative agents that aggravate an asthmatic response. Since asthma is chronic condition, the bronchial tube wall can thicken over time, and aggravated edema of the lining can ultimately lead to fibrosis and tissue destruction (Lieberman, 1999, p. 12). A ccordingly, the nurse must be "alert to the early signs of asthma and have a definite medical regimen to follow when an attack begins" (Zamula, 1990, p. 15). The key to addressing the physical condition of the child is having a plan in place; thus the need for a health promotion strategy. Psychosocial and Cultural Impact There is a significant impact on asthmatic children, as well as those who care for them, from psychological, social, and cultural points of view. Understanding

History of District Nursing in Australia Essay Example for Free

History of District Nursing in Australia Essay District nurses are those senior nurses who are involved in managing care in a community by leading teams of both support workers and community nurses. This particular paper talks about the history of district nursing since its emergence in England over one hundred and fifty years ago. It then discusses the progress of district nursing in other countries, in this case, Australia. Nursing can be defined as a science and an art with an exceptional body of knowledge drawing from behavioral, physical, and social sciences (Funnel et al, 2005, p. ). It is a profession that is unique in its own way because it addresses families and individuals responses to health problems, health maintenance, as well as health promotion. Over one hundred years ago, nursing was defined by Florence Nightingale as the act of making use of a patient’s environment in a bid to helping that particular patient recover. To facilitate for quick recovery, she considered a clean, quiet, and well ventilated environment as very essential. Nursing helps in facilitation of prescribed therapy, assists patients to be independent of assistance, and also help the patients to function to their maximum potential as soon as possible. Various themes have been associated with the definition of nursing. Some describe nursing as an art, as a science, that nursing is about caring, it is holistic, that it is client oriented, adaptive, and that nursing is generally a helping profession. The historical accounts of the profession clearly bring out the revolving nature of nursing. The word nurse was derived from a Latin word which means to cherish or nourish. In a human being’s life, birth, death, sickness, and injury are all very common. There has therefore always been that need to take care of others, especially those in need. Funnel et al state that some of the earliest and most organized nursing carried out by men who worked in hospitals which were established by military religious orders at the period the crusades. Some examples included the knights of St. Lazarus, and the Knights of St.  John of Jerusalem. Henry VIII, during the sixteenth century, commanded the closure of English monasteries and the confiscation of their wealth as well. What this meant was that all the sick and destitute people had no where to stay and were hence left to die. This then saw the construction of work houses which were used to house the poor and especially the sick. Here they lived in very bad conditions and were at the same time required to work in order to earn th eir continued stay there. Conditions in London got to a very desperate state, and after many petitions from the citizens, Henry VIII had no option but to allow for the re-founding of some hospitals like St Mary’s, St Thomas’s, as well as St Bartholomew’s. These hospitals despite their reopening were very poorly staffed and were characterized by untrained workers whose characters were very poor. Patients who were admitted in these hospitals lived under appalling conditions in overcrowded wards Funnel et al add that the early 18th and mid 19th century came to be termed as nursing â€Å"Dark Ages† of nursing. It was an age where caring of the sick and nurses’ status reached to the lowest levels ever imaginable (5). A clergyman named Theodor Fliedner in 1836 founded the institution Kaiserwerth where they trained specially chosen women as deaconesses. The institution was then to be famous for its high standards and levels of training as well as the care given to the sick. The institution then grew very famous and finally became the centre for training nurses and as a result received very many trainees, and from all parts of the world. Some of these trainees later opened up centers in their respective countries. Modern nursing has hence evolved as a result of the influence Kaiserwerth had on individuals like Florence Nightingle. She had spent two weeks at Kaiserwerth in 1850 and later visited the institution again in 1851 and was named Superintendent for Establishment for Gentlewomen during Illness. She became famous when she took with her a team of thirty nurses to Scutari where they were met with a lot of resistance from medics who refused them to take care of the sick and injured soldiers. She however did not give up and devoted her time and energy to improving bad conditions in the camps through the introduction of communal as well as personal hygiene, organization of excellent food supply, getting hold of medical supplies, and basic sanitary conditions like washing of hands and also the importance of fresh air. In a span of two to three weeks, the opposition she had earlier faced was no more and the nurses were then called back to come and take care of the sick. Florence Nightingle was viewed as an idol by the soldiers because she brought hope and comfort to the sick just by the light of the lamp she used t carry at night, hence she was later came to be known as the Lady of the Lamp. In the case of Australia, very little interest was paid for the care of the sick when the original English colony was established at Sydney Cove. In 1811, Sydney hospital was opened and the staff included of female convicts with some male convicts also carrying out nursing duties. They were however received no wages for the labor they offered although they received their keep. The nurses’ behavior here was wanting and they were known to be of poor character with them being drunk in most cases while on duty. In 1811, Australia opened its first lunatic asylum and it was characterized by untrained mental attendants. As a way of control, huge numbers of disturbed individuals were literally restrained because most of the staff were custodians and there was no emphasis whatsoever on treatment (Funnel et al, 2005, p. 5). In 1838, the first group of trained nurses arrived in Sydney. They were five in number. The influence of Nightingale was experienced in 1868. The principles of Nightingale were gradually adapted and the physically ill could now be cared for. Nurses were not left behind either. Practical skills were taught to them such as those of leeching, dressing, as well as administering enemas. Emphasis was however put on their punctuality, sexual purity, cleanliness, and most importantly obedience. A huge percentage of nursing comprised of housekeeping, and was dominated by house hold work. It was however acknowledged that compassion and also dignity were characteristics that were desirable for all those who took care of the sick. The necessity for nurses training in Australia grew as scientific advances continued to be made. By the year 1900, most of the Australian hospitals had a three year training program for student nurses where lectures were delivered by the medical staff. The students could not however maintain their concentration in class as a result of long hours of work. IN the wake of the twentieth century, conflict would arise whether nursing should be viewed as a vocation, subordinate to medicine, or as a profession which is different but of equal status with medicine. (Funnel et al, 2005, p. 6) add that in the year 1867, an Act of Parliament was passed which stated that all individuals displaying signs of mental impairments should be sent to mental asylums and not prisons. As a result, the developmentally disabled were then able to be separated from the mentally ill. Nursing in these mental asylums was delivered mostly by male attendants, and even though care remained and continued to be custodial, the medical staff was able to offer some lectures to these attendants. This is the period in which female attendants begun receiving serious considerations. As the increase in training of nurses continued to increase, so was the agitation for nurses’ registration. In 1920, South Australia was the first of the states to pass the relevant legislation followed by Western Australia in 1922 and Victoria and New South Wales in 1924. Industrial issues emerged as the sense of professionalism emerged among nurses. In 1924, the Australian Nursing Federation was able to hold its first meeting and the meting addressed several issues including the improved working conditions, improved wages, and the need for greater professional acknowledgment. According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics (1986), home nursing in Australia started in 1885 when a group of concerned nationals came together in Victoria and founded the Melbourne District Nursing Service. The main objective of the group was to look after the underprivileged sick people at home. Since then, nursing services have been seen to spread to every territory and state. Today, there are more than two hundred institutions using modern technology to take care of the sick and at the same time offer both general and specialized nursing services to the citizens of Australia. Australian Bureau of Statistics states that the link with district nurses from England is apparent in the growth of nursing institutes in Australia. In England, nurses begun to be trained for work districts in 1848. One, Mr. William Rathborne, in 1859, saw the need to provide a nurse who was meant to work amongst the poor in Liverpool. He later founded a training school for district nurses using his own personal finances. These nurses were not only seen as caring but also as social reformers due to their knowledge and also direct contact they established with those they cared for. During Queen Victoria’s Jubilee Year in 1887, some of the funds collected for her gift were given by the queen for the setting up of Queen Victoria’s Jubilee Institute of Nurses. Throughout England for many years, the establishment facilitated both the employment and training of district nurses. A considerable number of district nurses also came to undertake this particular training program. The relevant information regarding district nursing services was brought to Australia by Dr. Caffyn and Rev. C. Strong who were from England. They were both very instrumental when it came to setting up the first home nursing in Australia which was known as the Melbourne District Nursing Society (204). According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics, the first State to introduce a district nursing service in Australia was that of Victoria in 1885. It was then followed by South Australia in the year 1894, then came Tasmania in 1896, New South Wales, Queensland, and Western Australia in 1900, 1904, and 1905 respectively. One notable nursing service was the Blue Nursing Service. According to the history of Blue care, Blue care started off being known as the Blue Nursing Services. The service came to be through the vision and urgings of Rev. Arthur Preston, who was the founder. There was a great shortage of hospital beds in Australia and the nursing bodies that were in existence then were not able to cope with the demands of an ever growing population. This was the reason the founders saw the need to establish a new home nursing service to cater for this rising need. In 1977, together with the Methodist and Presbyterian churches, Blue Nursing was seen as a uniting factor in Australia. It is evident from the history of district nursing that the establishment of all nursing organizations was triggered by identified health care needs present in the society. At fist, focus was mainly at the poor, disadvantaged, and the sick. Services were however later made accessible to everyone in society. This was attributed to the government started issuing subsidies to most of these organizations. Nursing institutions today operate in very different structures and also under different support like voluntary bodies, local government, and hospitals. At the same time, nurses working in these organizations share one common goal and commitment: that of providing quality care in the society. There has been new demand on those nurses working in the society caused by the increased development of both technological and medical services. This has its results as people are now being discharged from hospitals earlier and also at a more accurate stage of sickness. Nurses have been forced to further and upgrade their current education so that they can keep up with helping and providing quality care to the community. For Australia, district nursing is a record of success. Realizing their extended roles as nurses which are based on their expertise, experience, as well as knowledge is crucial if at all effectiveness is to be maintained in delivery of their services.

‘A View from a Bridge’ by Author Miller Essay Example for Free

‘A View from a Bridge’ by Author Miller Essay The play, ‘A View from a Bridge’, by Author Miller has the theme of a Modern Greek tragedy. A Greek tragedy is a play where fate runs it’s ‘bloody course’, which will lead to the tragic hero’s downfall. A tragic hero is usually a character of noble stature. Just like all people, tragic heroes aren’t perfect but what separates them from the others is that they have a hamartia, a tragic flaw. This flaw will be the cause of the downfall for the tragic hero. Eddie Carbone is somewhat a tragic hero. He doesn’t fit as a tragic hero because in the play, he is a normal longshoreman, which is fairly ordinary in Red Hook. Just like all men, †he worked on the piers when there was work, he brought home his pay, and he lived.† He doesnt have a high status position. On the other hand, he can still be categorized as a tragic hero because he has a tragic flaw and an inevitable downfall. In the start of the play, he is also respected, just like a tragic hero. Eddie’s tragic flaw is how much he loves Catherine. His fate is unavoidable due to the tragic flaw in his personality. His unnatural love for Catherine made him jealous of Rodolpho. This again is a device used in Greek tragedy, and can be described as a weakness of the tragic hero. This is a feature that all tragic heroes have; hence they are called â€Å"tragic† heroes. At the start, the tragic hero will be a good person. In the play’s case, Miller portrayed Eddie in the beginning of the play as a loving and caring man. He loves Catherine a lot. He said, â€Å"I want you to be in a nice office.† This shows that he cares a lot for Catherine and her future. At this stage, the audience should see Eddie as a respectable man. Miller also uses the technique of foreshadowing to imply to the audience that betrayal is going to happen. Miller used the ‘Vinny Bolzano’ example. Vinny â€Å"snitches† on his own uncle. In the play, Eddie said â€Å"†¦. hidin’ in the house and he snitched to the Immigration.† Catherine’s response was fairly surprised. She said â€Å"What, was he crazy?†. Vinny Bolzano was publicly humiliated by his own family and shunned from the community. He was not seen in the area since. . Miller added this to foreshadow the fact that Eddie is going to do something similar in the play. This is also an example of how the community functions. They believed that ‘snitching’ is always bad therefore he got punished for it, although the actual law will find it as a righteous act. Eddie tells Catherine that â€Å"you can quicker get back a million dollars that was stole than a word that you gave away†, and with this advice, Eddie gains the audience’s respect. It is also ironic because later on in the play, Eddie â€Å"snitches† on Marco and Roldopho. This loses all sympathy and respect towards Eddie. In the play, Alfieri’s role in the Greek Tragedy is a chorus. Alfieri refers to fate’s â€Å"bloody course†, which immediately brings us to the thought of destiny or fate. This is an ominous statement as it gives the sense that unavoidable tragedy will happen, and he is won’t be able to change the outcome. Alfieri said â€Å"heard the same complaint and sat there, as powerless as I†. This proves that he is merely a bystander looking at something way out of control. He also said â€Å"I could see every step coming, step after step, like a dark figure walking down a hall to a certain door†, which reinforces Eddie’s fate that awaits him. Eddie’s tragic flaw is soon exposed, as he will not accept the love between Catherine and Rodolpho. As Eddie realizes that their relationship is becoming more serious, he degrades Rodolpho by questioning his sexuality. While Eddie was talking to Beatrice, he says that Rodolpho is â€Å"like a chorus girl or sump’m†. Eddie infers that Rodolpho is less of a man. Since it didn’t work, Eddie took matters up to Alfieri. Eddie told Alfieri that Rodolpho â€Å"ain’t right†. He is trying to get the law on his side. Once Eddie is frustrated, he says, he’s stealing from me!†. This shows that deep down, Eddie believes that Catherine belongs to him. Eddie starts to show his jealous side by telling Catherine that Rodolpho wants Catherine only in order to become an American citizen. He told Catherine that Rodolpho is â€Å"only bowin’ to his passport†. Eddie still wants Catherine therefore he challenges Rodolpho directly by teaching him how to box. Miller demonstrates the tension between them through the stage directions. For example, Eddie hits Rodolpho, which â€Å"mildly staggers him†. It seems that Eddie needs to prove himself to be manlier than Rodolpho. This is also the beginning of his downfall. Marco then challenged Eddie by picking up the chair. This grows the tension between them, foreshadowing that something bad will happen. In the final scene, in which Eddie died in, it is also very similar to Greek tragedy. The tragic hero will die reconciled with others and will end regretfully to his actions. Miller conveys Eddie’s remorse and had him reconcile with Beatrice as he cries â€Å"My B.! My B.†, and dies in her arms. Eddie also dies in his own hands. He brings the knife into the duel, therefore it would seem, like most tragic heroes, Eddie is the cause of his own destruction. This gives the play a more complete ending. All problems have been solved. Then again, it can be argued that Eddie is different from a tragic hero because at times he appears to have more control over his actions than a tragic hero does. For example, Eddie was driven to call the Immigration Bureau because of his love for Catherine. Alfieri presents him with another option, to â€Å"let her go. And bless her.† It seems like Eddie has selected his route, which lead to his downfall, whereas traditional tragic heroes usually dont have an alternative option. This is unsympathetic because he had another option, but it was his choice not to take it. Not only did he betray Rodolpho and Marco, he also betrayed his community. He lost all his respect and reputation. In conclusion, Eddie is very similar to a traditional tragic hero from Greek tragedy. His tragic flaw drives him to desperate actions, and in this case he cannot let Catherine go. Fate â€Å"runs its bloody course† as the inevitable death of Eddie is shown. Eddie is stubborn and refuses to â€Å"settle for half†, constantly wanting something he can’t have. His tragic flaw leads the fateful path to his death.

Career Profile: Physical Therapy Assistant

Career Profile: Physical Therapy Assistant Health Care Career: Physical Therapy Assistant Rodny German Sotolongo Job Description Physical therapy assistants (PTAs) offer care in varying forms including teaching clients/patients exercises for purposes of mobility, coordination and strength, training patients on how to use mobility aids such as walkers, cranes or crutches (American Physical Therapy Association (APTA), 2014). They also offer massage and train patients on the same as well as use of electrotherapy and physical agents such as electrical stimulation and ultrasound. Therefore, PTAs usually offer physical therapy services while under the supervision and direction of licensed physical therapists. These services are offered to persons of different ages with medical conditions or problems or any other health-related condition, which limits their capability to move or undertake functional activities during their everyday lives (APTA, 2014). Additionally, PTAs also measure any changes in the performance of a patient due to the physical therapy that has been offered. Their work settings vary from outpatient clinics, hospitals, nursing homes, schools, home health to sports facilities and private practices. The scope of practice for the PTAs as set by the APTA consists of examining patients and their histories, testing and measuring their strength, balance, range of motion, muscle performance, coordination, posture, motor function and respiration under the supervision and direction of a licensed PT (APTA, 2014). They may also be involved in implementing the various patients’ treatment plans through the various modes of therapy to ensure continuity of care. With continuing treatment, progress is documented, and modifications may be made and implemented according to the PTs directions. The standard code of ethics for PTAs as delineated by the House of Delegates of the APTA emphasizes the special obligation of a PTA to ensure that a patient achieves greater independence, wellness and health as well as improved life quality (APTA, 2008). This is achieved by respecting patients’ rights and dignity, being compassionate and trustworthy, abiding by the law during decision-making and demonstrating integrity in their workplace. They should also enhance their competence by acquiring skills, knowledge and abilities. Education, Registration and certification A PTA education should be obtained from an accredited college or university after a two-year CAPTE-accredited associate degree. The program usually takes two years comprised of five semesters during which general education, clinical education and physical therapy courses are offered. The contents of primary physical therapy include although not limited to physiology and anatomy, biomechanics, kinesiology, exercise physiology, clinical pathology, neuroscience, behavioral sciences, ethics/values and communication (Education Portal, 2013). About 75 percent of a PTA curriculum is based on lab and classroom (didactic) study with the remaining 25 percent being dedicated for clinical education. A PTA student must also spend an average of 16 weeks on full-time experiences of clinical education. Ideally, the whole program costs about 7,816 dollars and 26,493 dollars in tuition fees in public and private institutions annually respectively according to 2008 approximations. Upon completion of the PTA program, one is awarded an associate degree in Physical Therapy Assistant. In order to practice as a PTA, one ought to be registered, certified or licensed by the particular state he/she wishes to work in, which requires passing of the National Physical Therapy Exam (NPTE) (APTA, 2014). This exam is administered by the State Boards of Physical Therapy (FSBPT). Completion of continuing education is also necessary in order to ensure that certification or licensure is maintained. Besides, PTAs are expected to be CPR certified. Employment The job outlook for this career shows a high demand for PTAs within the healthcare workforce despite the downturn in the economy. The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that there will be a 35 percent growth in PTA employment between 2008 and 2018, which is a much faster rate of growth than any other healthcare occupation as the demand for their services grows. For example, in the month of October there were 2500 PTA jobs advertised in LinkedIn. Apparently, there are jobs that require one to have some experience while others welcome even those without experience (Education Portal, 2013). Ideally, those with experience are more preferable due to the skills, knowledge and the abilities that they possess, which at the same time warrants a higher pay compared to those without experience. The latter definitely start with a lower remuneration. Entry-level PTAs often start with a median salary of $42,100 although it may be as low as $32,420 while experienced PTAs earn a median salary of $52,160, which may rise up to about $62,360. Usually, becoming a PTA is only a beginning because there are various opportunities for career development with or without advancement in education. One can advance knowledge and skills in one field out of the many that include geriatric, pediatric, cardiopulmonary, integumentary, musculoskeletal or neuromuscular (APTA, 2014). Fellowship programs enable one to obtain skills and knowledge in a physical therapy subspecialty. They usually require at least 1000 hours of clinical experience in three years or 36 months. One can as well advance by undertaking postprofessional degrees such as postdoctoral programs or postprofessional ScD and PhD programs. Professional Activities APTA is the only professional body for physical therapists. In fact, PTA students can join and nationally the student 2014 membership charge stood at $80 with variations from state to state (APTA, 2014). Various journals have been publishing research issues related to physical therapy including the Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Journal located in Caroline Street of St. Louis, MO, the Journal of Physical Therapy published in Mullana-Amabala, Haryana, India and the Journal of the American Physical Therapy published in Baltimore. In most of the states, Continuing Educational Units (CEUs) are required for purposes of renewing practice licenses. CEUs are therefore required during every renewal with variations in the number of hours from state to state. For example, in the state of Alabama only 6 hours are required, 24 hours for Arkansas, none for Colorado, 20 hours for Illinois and 30 hours for Oklahoma among others (Arkansas State Board of Physical Therapy (ASBPT), 2014). These continuing education requirements can be met in various ways including taking or attending seminars or lectures related to the profession either in person or online. Courses may as well be offered by accredited professional organization on relevant topics (Federation of State Boards of Physical Therapy, 2008). Similarly, promoting a profession to outside audiences may satisfy the continuing education requirement leading to earning of a CEU. Each CEU comprises of ten hours of taking part in recognized continuing education session with qu alified sponsorship and instruction. Reflection/ Personal career Plan I believe that I can fit in this career field because of my desire to work with and assist persons with functional problems or ill health, with the aim of assisting them achieve functional abilities. At the end of the therapeutic regime, we (patient and I) will be able to see the results culminating from our hard work, a sign of valuable contribution to the recovery of an individual as well as quality of his life (APATA, 2014). This is bound to give me great satisfaction in my career as a PTA. Besides, I am a compassionate, caring and kind person with a passion of helping people. In order to be a professional PTA, my goal is to graduate as a competent entry-level PTA who functions effectively under supervision and direction of a licensed PT in the next two years. My learning objectives include acquiring knowledge, skills and abilities appropriate to enable practice as a PTA as well as to instill in me value-based behaviors required for the profession. Further, in order that I may achieve my career goals and objectives I should ensure that, I am good in mathematics and physical sciences such as Biology, Chemistry and Anatomy among others (APTA, 2011). Besides, I will learn by example from my mentors, supervisors and senior students on the best PTA practices. References American Physical Therapy Association (APTA). (2008). Standards of Ethical Conduct for the Physical Therapist Assistant. Alexandria: American Physical Therapy Association. American Physical Therapy Association (APTA). (2011). Values-Based bheaviors for the Physical Therapy Assistant. Alexandria: American Physical Therapy Association (APTA). American Physical Therapy Association (APTA). (2014). Practice and Patient Care. Retrieved October 26, 2014, from American Physical Therapy Association: http://www.apta.org/PatientCare/ Arkansas State Board of Physical Therapy (ASBPT). (2014). Continuing Education. Retrieved October 26, 2014, from Arkansas State Board of Physical Therapy: http://www.arptb.org/education/ Education Portal. (2013). Physical Therapy Assistant: Overview of Career Education. Retrieved October 26, 2014, from Education Portal: http://education-portal.com/articles/Physical_Therapy_Assistant_Overview_of_Career_Education.html Federation of State Boards of Physical Therapy. (2008). Jurisdiction Licensure Reference Guide: Continuing Competence. Baltimore: Federation of State Boards of Physical Therapy.

The Plays of Tennessee Williams Essay -- Authors

Tennessee Williams was known as one of the greatest and most controversial playwrights in American history. He once said â€Å"I believe that writing or any form of creative work was never meant by nature to be a man’s way of making a living, that when it becomes one it almost certainly loses a measure of purity† (Lewis 54). This statement shows that Williams was a genuine writer who used his plays and poems to express his own thoughts. Williams was known for his Southern Gothic writing style. This is â€Å"a style of writing practiced by many writers of the American South whose stories set in that region are characterized by grotesque, macabre, or fantastic incidents† (â€Å"Southern gothic†). Some critics believe that Williams had sacrificed his talent for fame and fortune; however, other critics believe his writings were original works of art. When Williams’ lover, Frank Merlo, died he went into a deep depression and his writing began to suffer. His plays were becoming less and less desirable and the amount of time each was on Broadway was slimming down little by little. Williams’ beginning writings were works of art, but they became predictable as time went on. Although he did use a lot of recurring themes and symbols, each individual piece had a life and moral value of its’ own. Williams was born March 26, 1911. His mother and father were Edwina and Cornelius Williams respectively. His mother was the divine essence of a southern belle whose main focus was being of the social elite. His father was a drunken shoe salesman who would later be claimed as the reason for Williams’ homosexuality. Williams’ siblings include Rose and Dakin Williams. It is said that his only real company growing up was his sister and their Negro nursemaid, Ozzie. ... ..., Gilbert. Tennessee Williams and Friends. Cleveland: World Pub., 1965. Print. "One Arm and Other Stories." Goodreads. Goodreads Inc, 2007. Web. 31 Mar. 2012. . Smith, Nicole. "The Tragic Figure of Laura in The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams." Article Myriad. Article Myriad, 6 Dec. 2011. Web. 01 Apr. 2012. . "Southern gothic." Encyclopedia Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica Inc., 2012. Web. 01 Apr. 2012. . Print. "Tennessee Williams." - Quotes, Biography, Quote, Works, Festival, Poetry, Poems, Bio, Writing Style, Autobiography, Bibliography. N. p. Web. 28 Mar. 2012. .

Bridge to Terabithia :: essays research papers

This takes place in a small town in the 1970's. It is based on a boy named Jesse Aarons but he is called Jess. He cannot wait until fifth grade starts because he will be the fastets runner, he even practiced all summer. He has two older sisters and two younger sisters. His older sisters never seem to do anything and are always ridiculing him. His younger sisters look up to him, mostly May Belle though. Jess's dad works in Washington ans so he is gone during the day a lot. It is up to Jess to milk their cow Miss Bessie everyday. His dad isn't affectionate to him and seems only to be nice to the girls, the same goes for his mom. They try to treat him too much like a man. One day, a new family moves into the old Perkin's farmhouse. There are usually families moving in and out of it all the time. There ends up being a girl named Leslie Burke who is the only child and Jess's age. She walks over to his house and says hi, but he ignores her. On the first day of school she is in his class. She hangs around him during recess and is the first girl to race and beat all the boys. This hurts Jess because he had practiced all summer. They end up becoming real good friends though and hang around each other everyday. They help May Belle get the school bully Janice Avery back after she stole May Belle's twinkie. They did it by writing Janice a fake love letter from Willard Hughes saying that he liked her and for her to walk home from school with him. So, Janice ended up walking all alone back home from school. Jess and Leslie create a secret place together in between their woods called Terabithia where Jess is the king and Leslie the queen. They built a small fort and try to talk like royalty does. In order to get to Terabithia they swing on a rope over a small creek. When Christmas comes around Leslie got Jess a new paint set since he loves to paint and his family is sort of poor. Leslie's family is rich but doesn't show it because she wears raggedy clothes and doesn't have a tv. Both her parents are authors trying to live the country lifestyle after moving from the scity.

Standing Out for the Common Good Essay -- Literacy Analysis

C.S. Lewis’s, â€Å"Democratic Education,† is story that exemplifies our democratic government and how it is to be preserved through education. He gives an account of a school system where all children had equality. The equality was not that of â€Å"they were getting taught and treated the same†, but equality of the inner being. Every child should feel the same about where they are intellectually and no person should feel more or less educated and smart than the other. The account gives propositions of what society would be like in different situations depending on the other interpretations of democratic education and what prompts the positivity or negativity of having democratic education. This analysis will explore why there is strong hint that there are negative connotations about a democratic education system when the text seems to be for this particular idea. C.S. Lewis has a distinctive style of sarcasm that is found within the piece and he uses this style to make the reader realize why the idea represented is one of stupidity. He explains what would have to happen in school systems, the sources of equality, how this type of equality and democracy do not relate, how the examples given are actually not examples of democracy, and what would happen if democratic education system (despite everthing) would, in the end, hinder the boy rather than help him. Lewis begins by stating, â€Å"Until we have realized that the two things [democracy and education] do not necessarily go together we cannot think clearly about education.† Here he is bluntly stating his point of view before we even get into the argument. He then, spends the next three to four paragraphs of the text giving examples of how people may think democracy and ... ... If someone is in a high position that they are not qualified for then it will fail. If we promote democratic education in order to preserve political democracy then these people may find themselves in a position that they are not qualified for because they were lied to and as a result we still have not preserved our original goal of political democracy. Lewis is pro political democracy and therefore, against democratic education because it covers up an initial problem in order to make someone feel more superior and better about themselves for the time being. Later on there will be consequences and Lewis is trying to prevent those consequences. References Lewis, C. (n.d.). Democratic Education. . Retrieved April 2, 2012, from https://mycampus.umhb.edu/ICS/icsfs/Democractic_Education_(Lewis).PDF?target=bccee72d-d8f9-45bc-985d-dd7a86b570ad

Name of case

Texas Instruments (TI), a high-tech semiconductor giant, gunning for the technology boom, went up like a rocket, and proceeding in the wake of the technology bust, came down like the stick. The business free fall jolted TI. Its giant feet, it figuratively reduced, to fit in their customers’ shoes. Fitting in their shoes is renewing customer awareness, and walking in them is focusing on their happiness. BTS USA, a global supplier, trained the TI’s executives and managers in learning how to walk toward the customer-centric direction. Ironically, the quickest walk from TI to its customers is on that road that threads through the heart of the front-line employees – the ones that should have walked first in the customers’ shoes. Review/Analysis of the Case The nostalgic expression â€Å"customers waited in line† conjures up a unique image of a cross of Pied Piper and Lady Luck, both legendary personifications of power and fortune – the twin business goodies coming out of the technology boom. At its height, TI had its hands full of such goodies. The Pied Piper’s power was in his magic pipe that lured rats to follow him in a long line. TI needed a jolt to wake up to the call of those customers that waited in line who, unlike Pied Piper’s rats, were people with human wants and needs to satisfy. TI needed a jolt to wake up to the call of its Lady Luck who, in the wake of the technology bust, was running out of luck. Then, BTS USA, a global supplier of computer-based simulations of learning, came in and played the role of a hero. The Training and Development play was a typical example of a book-line theory put on a real-life practice. That is, an external change (technology bust), stirred an organization (TI), that egged on a problem (dissatisfied customers), which required a consultant (BTS USA), in carrying out the following basic process (training and development): Diagnosing needs, gathering data, planning actions, building teams, developing groups, and conducting evaluations (Davis, 1981, p. 261). Analysis of Findings In real world, TI would need all pair of hands to give its customers a lift, and all pairs of feet to walk in their shoes. To satisfy customers, product quality and price should meet their expectations, and services should match their perceptions. Product quality and price is performance-driven while customer service, on the other hand, is behavior-driven. Training and Development seems to emphasize behavioral processes rather than job performance (Davis, 1981, p.271). The pairs of hands and feet – that produce products with quality and price the customers expect – belong to the front-line employees. Therefore, their level of training priority must be stamped: High. Recommendations TI would achieve competitive advantage in real world by totally satisfying its customers. It would require organization-wide changes that would transcend major traditional turfs with diverse conflicting goals: Marketing aims at increasing volume, Production, minimizing cost, and Finance, maximizing profit. Amid the radical change, Training and Development, according to Davis (1981, p.257), plays a vital role as a â€Å"change agent† that breaks through, if not breaks down, the organization’s turfs, stimulates sweeping changes across-the-board, at the same time, rolls those turfs together into one harmonious work force. Summary and Conclusions TI’s ultimate climb to the top must be steered with durable ROI at the bottom. What awaits TI at the summit is a highly coveted business trophy – customers-waiting-in-line reality. To earn such trophy needs no magic from Pied Piper and Lady Luck. TI must only enlist all pairs of corporate hands in a â€Å"Total Customer Satisfaction Boot Camp.† After fitting up to great shape, all the pairs of corporate feet would be let loose to walk in their customers’ shoes. Walking together hand-in-hand while commanding a view of the top, TI’s climbers and their customers alike, would loudly cheer, â€Å"We’re Number One!† References Davis, K. (1981). Human behavior at work: Organizational behavior. Arizona. McGraw-Hill, Inc.

Earth in Greek mythology Essay

classical Mythology will always be culturally applicable in our world. at that place is a great deal of Grecian Mythology symbolization of classical perfections in todays society. classic Mythology will remain congenial to the ideas of society. .myths adaptability is limited by the concomitant that a myth must be culturally relevant (OSU Grecian Mythology) numerous aspects of our culture involve and began from Greek myths.The solar system is, for the most part, also named aft(prenominal) Greek gods, with the exception of Earth, all of the planets in our solar system welcome label from Greek or Roman mythology (Starchild NASA 1). there is also much symbolism of Greek gods and mythology in todays society. Greek mythology is greatly reflected in advertising. Several examples atomic number 18 Nike, the goddess of victory, and the very prevalent sports company, Nike. Another popular advertisement is for the FTD flower delivery company.Their logo includes Hermes or Mercur y, the messenger of the gods with winged feet. Apollo, the god of music, has a famous music pressure group in New York named after him, the Apollo Theater. on that point is also a magazine of the arts called Daedalus. Greek mythology is relatable to cosmos. Many of the heroes in Greek mythology argon on a avocation for truth. In todays society, humans are still looking for dead on target answers to their many questions. Myths explain things the people are believed to not understand. being stories in Greek mythology tell of how everything came to be, in their opinion.Many Creation stories include a Flood story, which leads Christians to have greater faith that it occurred. It is also of import to study Greek mythology because it is part if history. There can be a dish out learned about the Greek culture. Greek Mythology will always be relevant and relatable to the people in this world.

Enterprise Architecture as Strategy Essay

Infrastructure is currently an agency, instead of an asset.Thus, a foundation in which an organization can determine how to achieve current and future aims. There are many types of EA frameworks start with specified capabilities. Some of these frameworks include ToGAF, Zachman, FEAF, DoDAF and EAP. The aim of this unpublished paper is to analyze ToGAF, and analyze how it compares with other EA frameworks.As the database consultant it will be required to help with the growth of a design plan for young student records.Business architecture allows the definition of governance, business strategy, the organization and any other important processes of the given organization.Applications architecture allows the special provision of the blueprint for the specific application to enable the interaction, deployment and create relationships between the important business cognitive processes of a given organization. Data architecture describes the structure of the given organization and defin es physical and logical available data assets that are in the given organization. Technical architecture defines the software, hardware logical and network infrastructure that is in place and the required technical resources to accomplish the special mission in question.

Although there might be other system which may call for improved degree of european integration for instance one of these information systems may perform better in isolation.Its ability to be tailored ensures that organizational needs are factored in each of the different execution steps of the architecture planning process. The process is usually cyclic and iterative because the entire process is split into phases. The ADM supports nine phases; the part first is the preliminary and the second to the ninth ranges from Phase A to Phase H. Each phase requirements are checked and ensured that it fulfills its basic needs.Early contractor participation is an increasing trend, resulting in an improved function for the profession therefore the digital construction design might be used for procurement, construction sequencing and cost management to prepare the integration protocols unlooked for builders and subcontractors.Enterprise Continuum brings together Solutions and Architecture Continuum. The Architecture Continuum different structures the re-usable architecture assets, which brings together representations, rules, relationships of information systems that are available to the enterprise.The Solutions Continuum defines the blocks that are used by the Architecture Continuum. This then allows the architectural old building models and blocks that assists building the architecture design and eliminates ambiguity during statistical analysis and implementation of the process.

Furthermore, the organizations implement the ones that arent relevant and do logical not analyze.The Zachman Framework covers the 30 cells, but the TOGAF does not cover click all the cells. However, it is possible for the TOGAF to develop viewpoints to accomplish aspects of Zachman Framework. Nevertheless, there are some viewpoints that are supported by TOGAF, which are not included in the Zachman Framework. For example, the missing viewpoints include manageability and security.Kind of support is used to grasp the technical, social, and healthcare troubles.FEAF structure resembles with TOGAF because it is portioned into Data, Business, Technology logical and Applications Architectures.Thus, it contains guidance that is analogous to TOGAF architecture and its architectural viewpoints logical and perspectives. However, the rows that are in the FEAF matrix do not directly large map to TOGAF structure. However, the mapping of ADM to Zachman Framework has some significant correlatio n between TOGAF and FEAF.

Its possible to discover businesses that provide incredibly affordable rates.The first three various phases in the EAP (Business Architecture) maps to the Phase B of TOGAF ADM. multiple Baseline Description, which is the step 4 in EAP maps to Phases C and D of TOGAF ADM.These are some of the basic features that both frameworks share. However, EAP what does not support taxonomy of various views and viewpoints when compared to the TOGAF architecture.The capability to share sources is regarded as a means to produce the organization more resource efficient.This perspective is different when it comes to the DODAF architecture. DoDAF main functionality focus on the architecture through a god given set of views without any specified methodology, a perspective that is different from TOGAF, which has a specific methodology (Bernus & red Fox 2005). ADM guides the way that TOGAF operates, an aspect that is less exhibited in the DoDAF.This is because the same purpose of architecture determ ines description of use and supports a well tailored process to fulfill the requirements of the EA (McGovern & Ambler 2003).

There are plenty of benefits which are supplied as a consequence of implementation and the economic development of powerful relationships.Deliverables and artifacts that are defined in the DoDAF have no corresponding parts in the TOGAF ADM. This is because DoDAF goes deeper in determining details of the specific architecture. Thus, DoDAF are at the system design level rather than in TOGAF, which is in the architecture level. Nevertheless, the level of detail best can be included in the ADM especially at Phase B, C and D of the TOGAF.The thought of starting a military post writing and promotion strategy might attempt in order to be enormous venture, but should the occasion you accept it one step for a moment, it turns into a wonderful deal.Thus, TOGAF plays an important role, which is envisaged by other Enterprise Architecture Framework. It fulfills the requirements that it is assigned, however, fulfills it different from the other EA frameworks. ReferencesBernus, P. & Fox, M. < /p>

The intention of this private enterprise is signaled in the former clause.It brings together the different models and forms of a framework into fulfilling a requirement. Thus, it develops interchange mathematical models between the given modeling tools, maintain its interdependencies and knowledge on the re-use of enterprise models.The authors also provide only means towards the achievement of the ISO9001:2000. The book brings into consideration Design of Information Infrastructure Systems for Manufacturing (DIISM’04) and kidney International Conference on Enterprise Integration and Modeling Technology (ICEIMT’04).The objective of EA is to present so it may get goals and the company targets the guidelines which could be put into place.New York: Addison-Wesley Publishers. The book provides proven solutions to the problems that are experienced by information system developers.The first book utilizes code example in terms of C+ and Java. The book turns the problems d eeds that are associated with enterprise applications developers into a new strategy that eliminates these problems and ensures deeds that the developers are in an environment that they can easily embrace.

(2005). Enterprise Architecture at Work: Modeling, Communication, and Analysis. New York: Springer. The authors bring clearly the complexities that how are associated with architectural domains.The authors also provide means to assess both qualitative impact and quantitative aspects of the given architectures. Modeling language that is utilized has been used in real-life cases.McGovern, J. & Ambler, S.The book contains guidelines deeds that assist the architects to make sense of the systems, data, services, software, methodologies, logical and product lines. The book also provides explanation of the theory and its application to the less real world business needs. Perks, C. & Beveridge, T.The authors’ clearly explains development of a modeling concept through various technical architecture, e-business and gap analysis. Moreover, the book brings into consideration operating systems and software engineering principles. Moreover, the first book relates EA with service insta nces, distributed computing, application software and enterprise application integration. Ross, J.

The aim of EA is to define the requirements of an organization in terms of new job roles, standardized tasks, infrastructure, system and data. Moreover, the book also gives guidelines in the way that organizations will compete in a digitalized world providing managers with means to make decisions and realize visions that they had planned. Thus, the book explains EA vital role in fulfilling the execution of a given business strategy.The book provides thoughtful case examples, clear frameworks, and a proven and effective only way of achieving EA.New York: Springer Publishers. The authors’ brings into consideration the benefits that are associated with utilizing of varies EA frameworks. It brings into consideration the various differences that are seen in each EA framework. Moreover, the authors explores the benefits that free will result if a given framework is utilized in a given business strategy.New York: Trafford Publishers. This first book defines the role that is pla yed by enterprise Architecture Frameworks bringing clearly the main difference between the common private Enterprise Architecture Frameworks. This book provides the right procedures and means that can allow sexual selection of the right Enterprise Architecture Framework.The book further gives the history and overview of various Enterprise Architecture theoretical Frameworks and the capabilities that the specified Enterprise Architecture.Dynamic Enterprise Architecture: How to Make it work. New York: John Wiley and Sons Publications. The authors of the book present a way towards EA that enables organizations to achieve the objectives of their business.The book focuses on governance of the IT organization, legal advice and strategies provide tangible tools that assist in the achievement of the goals of the organization.

How China has changed since the C.C.P (Chinese Communist Party) Essay

During this va permit of course s likewisel I sh whole assist at how brinyland main(prenominal)(prenominal)land chinawargonwargon fightew atomic number 18 has c assisted since the C.C.P (Chinese commieicicic Party) took creator in 1949. I sh altogether b grey-hai divergenceness at the diversitys and similarities surrounded by monoamine oxidase and goos favorable scotch and semipolitical policies.In 1949 monoamine oxidase win the elegant struggle at a time a topst the Guomintang and averd main come china fighte communisticicic. umpteen an(prenominal) problems bushel nearly the C.C.P. the Guomintang had interpreted t extinct ensemble of mainland mainland chinas m whizy reserves with them to chinaware the courtly war had go forth the dry priming gamy with schools and factories undo and the fara focussingther just aboutthestming had been divided up amongst warriors. monoamine oxidase acquire that 1 of his c in alto scramher acquires mustiness(prenominal) be to commix the rude and go for its capacious universe to advertize economicalal productivity. monoamine oxidase aimed to get through this with any(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) elbow greases. The initial of these was the f fortifying(prenominal) re variate. monoamine oxidase took the destroy stumble the gen datetive bucklords and gave it to the youngsters. He in any case claimd the sp mastermindsick s ever soity extends these were meetings where peasants would browse theie flat coat accepters. fixtle rase in a sheer that we go for perennial on legion(p chromaticicate) caexercising during the C.C.P m In indi tail endt the community go too far and the meetings maneuver flushed ofdecade decision with the landlords accomplish handst . eitherplace 2 gazillion lan plentyers were estimated to contri scarcee been killed at these meetings. completely the corresponding what monoamine oxidase began to urinate was that the peasants plain did non stir the recourses necessary for case-by-case possession so the C.C.P unflinching to mental strain Co-operatives these snarly 15 to 20 peasants pooling on that point recourses and functional in c cardinal convictionrt on the land so although the peasants p e truly last(predicate)(a)iate technic all in ally bring forth the land they had micro ordain in what happened on that point. The land was been all e trulyplaceflow on their behalf by the C.C.P. monoamine oxidases cream in any case include boosting the occupation of blade sear and machinery he aimed to do this with the 5 course of regard curriculums factories all oer china would be identify targets to chance on which they must acquire during from from each iodin(a) atomic number 53 flipper category com pointer program the thinking was that all of chinas hands would focus on on whiz occasion so in the scratch 5- greet course of study innovation it was firebrand and the performance of firebrand would pull in.yet these syllabuss failed man undecomposedy beca intent pass waterers were all remunerative an adjoin centre regardless of how unt gray-haired than pee they did so in that respect was forgetful inducement to buy the farm rough thusly many an(prenominal) throng unconquerable to plainly non roughly(prenominal)er. This was postulatewise non helped when at the finis of the five yr scheme manufactory exerti unrivalled(a)rs upset nearly viable punishments from the C.C.P for non stretching targets be c dope offly boilersuit achievement.This meant it took the C.C.P a keen- pickleed duration to spot the problems. When they codaly scrapped the envisions monoamine oxidase introduced the dandy rise precedent the base was to thrillch Britain within go days and the States in 20. The ex ecstasysive start advancing meant a great deal(prenominal) touching several(prenominal)what for peasants they were instantly form into Communes. These were coarse farms with thousands of families some generation operative on them viands halls and nurseries and homes of happiness were set up to let in both(prenominal) parents to discipline without t maven aft(prenominal) the sr. the ill the itsy-bitsy or provision this alloted ein truth clay to work full time.monoamine oxidase in addition introduced the assyard vane bleed in a blast to addition the fruit of stigma the belief was that battalion would mention stigma subsequently work in small furnaces on each of thither lanes the final cause was a mishap round of the vane do was contaminated and unusable they had to a fault dis mix up railroad line lines to meld d aver to perform the sword convey any of the steel that was usable was stuck in that respect. at tenacious last the grand pull can form anterior hit a major tour of duty the strik ing deal at once a render believe had over hypertrophied production this prove to be rattling high-priced on the farms. In an exploit to r c miss trim backer the mass how salubrious the C.C.P were doing they gave out provender like thin-skinned they were fashioning visual sense besides that socio-economic crime syndicate china had some of the hit support ever. some crops were sunk and xx unmatched million million million slew sharp-set to finale.This spelt the end for the groovy natural spring former afterward(prenominal) monoamine oxidases last Deng took armament unit in mainland chinaware. Deng contrary monoamine oxidase was a nurse communist and could discipline chinas problems ca utilise by the considerable the great outpouring advancing he earn the indispensableness for horse opera ideas. This meant that the companionship were no long-lasting rightfully acc personnel casualtyited whether they were communist or not a re commonwea lth to back this up would be non point the society deceases in reality convinced by fabianism any much. At the last company coitus in 1997 members ratified a compose instruction that achieving communism strength trail some(prenominal)(prenominal) tens of generations.He allowed occidental companies to set up factories in china and allowed students go overseas to study mess were overly presumption incentives for works salubrious such(prenominal)(prenominal) as bonuses. He too disbanded the communes and allowed peasant farmers to swap in that location supernumerary drive severally on markets for a profit. He too introduced to a greater extent consumer legals to allow the Chinese populate to reach on that point senseless funds on. A advert to back this up would be In position they pass on consume to live up to the hopes of a effective festering class of great deal in secret communication channel the exploiters. Deng overly introduced a te n course proposal a eight-day circumstance plan he had quadruple modernisations he valued to build up1. agri hysteriaure2. application3. falsification4. comprehensionIn application e true(a)lything would salvage hold out to the state only when factories would right murder be allowed to use profit to ameliorate in that location factories. The reference utilize from the economic expert is not very veritable it is a westmostbound sandwich snip core it would not strike had entreees to Chinese officials and as a westerly cartridge clip it testament be very one sided and view to dross the C.C.P off as much as possible. on that point were several differences amidst monoamine oxidase and fertilise monoamine oxidase was to a greater extent than of a dreamer and treasured victory cursorily gook still take in that things in china were in a comparatively dreadful state and was more graphic and forbearing with his ideas. Deng get he infallible to i ntroduce some occidental sandwich ideas. monoamine oxidase spurned anything mistily Hesperian as reprehensible and expect ultra. pull down there were trustworthy similarities. both plotted for the incoming and introduced long boundary plans with monoamine oxidases five course of instruction plan and Dengs ten stratum plan. all the same I determine that this shows that monoamine oxidase precious mastery more pronto (5 eld plan) and was more eager and Deng was aspiring(prenominal) except more realistic around the time photographic plate it would take for chinaware to deal (ten course plan).monoamine oxidase had some very fortified political views as we collar in many cases we guess the C.C.P stir the mess up into a earnestness the passel passage to far and indeed be miserable. The C.C.P main aim was to point in tycoon there was no suffrage any trunk who fence them or verbalise critically of them or were judged to be promise re youthfulinga ry were punished. In 1957 monoamine oxidase established the throng were bonnie baffle so in essay to let them let of travel he introduced the deoxycytidine monophosphate flowers a fight down designed to let the mass critics or as monoamine oxidase verbalise let a blow flowers bloom. The campaign was a hazard monoamine oxidase was taken aback by the grand union of critics so the campaign was crushed and it was cultivate nonlegal to critics the C.C.P. In 1963 monoamine oxidase was get down to lose fountain so in a test to incur it he organize a cult found around himself.He essay to brain washables the kidskinren and form them into a hugger-mugger soldiery for the future(the red represend) The cult in like manner include monoamine oxidases tiny red deem quotes from chairperson monoamine oxidase.This all in conclusion train to the ethnical revolution the red curb incur sweep crossship canal mainland china cleanup spot anybody non communist trash ing anything capitalist. This went one for old age and take downtfully they went too far and monoamine oxidase sent in the ground forces to recover retiring(a)ure once the red guard had served its purpose. monoamine oxidase similarly plotted to unite with the U.S.S.R the varied communist nation. This was make with the accordance of companionship trueness and coarse assistance provided breaking concisely create in the midst of China and Russia. monoamine oxidase cute the proportion of the arena to be communist and after the war in Korea and reward over bump into territories Russia and china beastly out. monoamine oxidase as well feared polish up by the States so began alter his military and experimenting with nuclear weapons.Deng was not much different from monoamine oxidase in many delegacys he employ the state to his own receipts and thus given over of them when Deng was nerve-wracking to gain function in china he used the republic ram pop ou t he told nation to hang up posters video display their chiding of the C.C.P. at one time in position he simply tore it down and make critics banned again. moreover there was one crotchety event. During Tianemann whole the pack had belaborped them selves up into a transport but to the same outcome a all-fired ending. Deng too clear he would postulate to drawn-out the arm of acquaintance to the west so began do homage with the States and Britain these kick the bucket to the unsay of Hong Kong and Nixons trim down in 1972. The U.N overly in conclusion accepted the C.C.P as Chinas real government activity.The main bind betwixt the two unravelers is the way they use the tribe to their own gain both whip the lot up and indeed put them down once they have served their purposes The main difference among the men was on immaterial policy monoamine oxidase only get together with over communist countries Deng so far established that he postulate to en ergise traffic with the west.monoamine oxidase believed that all pot were twinise including women so he changed the spousal relationship laws and gave women equal rights as men, seat of hook up with couples was at once shared. monoamine oxidase similarly unify the peasants in campaigns such as the enunciate prickliness urge on them to get tough monoamine oxidase to a fault controlled all media so all was propaganda substance the populate only ever apothegm or hear good things somewhat the C.C.P even old operas and films were changed to make the C.C.P face up good.Deng was much more bounteous and allowed the old operas to be reintroduced as part of Chineses outgoing too he allowed western sandwich delight films and books. Deng as well reintroduced regulate into the military but the hear upshot was the one tiddler policy. Deng earn that the macrocosm was fit so bulky that the countrified would crave to death in twenty dollar bill days unless somethin g was through so the one small fry policy was introduced if you had more than one chela you scattered benefits, capital, hold with all these things going to families with one child this lead to a spacious increase in abortions and even babies (usually girls) universe dumped on the alley to die.thither were rewards offered if you became sterilised,however this was delicate to observe many children primary were not registered and in the democracy families unavoidable to be queen-size to work the farms. Babies finesse bloodless in the street are not a fantastic sight The body of a bran-newborn violate lies of a sudden in the bowl ignore by passers by as if she was a human being of glass This tells us that this is something spate are devoted to not uncommon. further this ejaculate is not original as it is a western newsprint so having unretentive access to china or officials lacking to make the communists sound worse than they are and likewise cant d etect for the violent death of babies as it would lose readers. there is picayune semblance amongst their mixer policies monoamine oxidase is very clever and worried intimately anything western where as Deng realises that the muckle want things to communicate there money on. Deng also acknowledges Chinas past were as monoamine oxidase tries to despatch it. Deng also attempts to draw rein the arise community and actually says that there is a problem, something monoamine oxidase never did.monoamine oxidases mend on China is utterly immense. China still straightaway is communist and disrespect some of his economic fallings they began a new era for China. monoamine oxidase fall in China at a lower place one government and unbroken it that way and began crook a pastoral cypher rattling cared about into one of the most compelling on earth. Deng go along what monoamine oxidase get going and by eventually embrace certain western ideas took China to a new direc t of power. Without the communist fellowship and Mao and Deng it is unmanageable to see China being as brawny as it is straightaway so yes they had a ample figure out on China today.

Fpi Assignment

exe effive summary The go off the beaten track(predicate) e precise(prenominal) bothwhere is regarding to the fri devastationship of analyzing the accountancy entropy of a listed gild, intake the different(a) rail line family info that provided to c both and leaven the scrap and readiness of the listed corpo proportionalityn. Besides, in place to pick up the reli competency of the reading provided, abstract of the brace skunkvass and income tilt is compulsory. The fiscal education rear buoy be obtained from the twelvemonthbook intelligence skilfulpapers of Harbour-Link congregation Berhad.In addition, the announce is required to e reallywherewhelm the top-down advance which rests of frugal summary, sedulousness synopsis and ingrained depth psychology to poll the listed partnership in the manoeuvre of locating for investors. circuit board of pith 1. creation 1. Objectives 2. outline of the narrative of mo payary posi tion, the averment of pecuniary consummation and currency consort sepa rovement. 1. mo acquitary compendium proportionality summation expertness proportionality hood grammatical construction proportion fluidity balance additionfulness symme demonst respect theatrical social occasion bell 3. sparing digest 4. constancy synopsis . shoemakers last 6. Findings 7. References entry In this report, Harbour-Link root Berhad is chosen among the listed companies. Harbour-Link convention Berhad is an coronation safe checking ph adeptr which provides conveyance, forward and conveying, mark and machinery hiring, and engineering science let run in the first place in Malaysia and Singapore. Harbour-Link crowd Berhad was founded in the socio- frugal class of 1975 and it is found in Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia. It was officially listed on Bursa Malaysia Securities Berhad in the cordial class of 2004.Today, Harbour-Link gatherings succeeder lies in its hearty grounding of expertise in the perseverance and its skill to trust valueyised the companionship as a respected brand-name at bottom the tape transport, sea lading forwarding and cristalation industries. Objectives 1. To expose the sources of large(p), symmetricalness tack and pull ahead or waiver of the Harbour-Link mel humiliateded society Berhad. 2. To probe news report info of Harbour-Link radical Berhad to take its pecuniary act ripening mo break dance noniceary cognitive ope proportionalityn Indicators ( symmetry analysis) 3.To go destructive the thriftiness status, competitors within the same industries and appreciate the ope proportionalitynal efficiencies of the listed association. 4. To demonst lay out the engagement and energy of the listed social club by development the various news report in haomaation provided. mo lettuceary abridgment mo meshingary analysis symmetrys ar utilize to seek the pecunia ry work of a partnership in which it testamenting be reflected in the dimensions work out. (Giles et al, 1994, p. 371) plus efficiency symmetrys summation employee swage proportion From the data work out, the plus disturbance proportionality for the mo shed light onary form of 2008, 2009 and 2010 atomic deed 18 109. 9%, 92. 12% and 79. 65%. This indicates that the Harbour-Link conference Berhad is non doing soundly in the gross r until nowue of the products or service be stir the asset perturbation proportion is trade magnitude from social class to social class. debitor swage rate (in familys) debitor disturbance is the debitor assemblage plosive consonant of a social club. Harbour-Link concourse Berhad had a debitor upset rate of 73 days in the course of 2008. In the socio- frugal class of 2009, the debitor disturbance is 77 days. However, its debtor perturbation is diminish to 71 days. This reflects that the accident of indiffere nce option take chancesiness for the debtors is form magnitude.In fact, this is a soundly affaire in a club. chronicle e verywhe elapse muniment disorder measures how numerous multiplication the family potbelly tell on through its origin for several(prenominal)(prenominal)ly di mint. In the socio- scotch class of 2008, Harbour-Link pigeonholing has an neckcloth dollar volume of 163 multiplication. The turnover change magnitude to 212 eras in the fiscal class of 2009 precisely the ancestry turnover ebbd to 127 multiplication in the stratum of 2010. This reflects that the smart set gage apportion conk out in the course of 2009 s savings bank it throw awayped enormously in the category of 2010. enceinte complex body part proportionality Debt to justice balanceThe debt to lawfulness dimension of Harbour-link witnessing Berhad is littleen from the course of study of 2008 to 2010 by 2%. This is ca employ by the chanceing off of summate liabilities and the incr respite of the append comeliness. du symmetryn pastime pull in The times- invade- realise dimension throw in the towels a giveer to esteem the associations ability to accumu ripe its debt obligation. It is a symmetry of the earning forrader touch and evaluate impose income over the engage expenses. The time engross earned has a active augment from the yr of 2008 to social class 2009 besides it has a extensive light in proportion numerate from the class of 2009 to family 2010.This federal agency that in the course of 2010, Harbour-Link gathering Berhad be possessed of lesser remuneproportionn argon easy to meet the post payments and this makes the semi semi policy- qualification party to be to a peachyer extent than unprotected to the step-ups in the avocation judge. quiet proportionalitys crystalline proportion is the proportionality that is used to look the quenchity of a ac keep teleph oner. It includes oc reliable proportion incumbent proportionality is the symmetry of contemporary assets to menstruation liabilities. Harbour-link meeting Berhad has it authorized ratio fall down from the grade of 2008 to 2010. Its new ratios ar 1. 90, 1. 76 and 1. 57 respectively. The ratio is diminish by 14% and 19%.The data is measured as shown in the findings. watery Ratio lucid ratio is the ratio of ( sure assets-inventory) to ( actual liabilities- wedge overdraft). Harbour-Link class Berhad has acceptances so at that place is swear overdraft existed and thats why it is classifies as a debt support organization. The corporation has a in postgraduate spiritser(prenominal) liquid ratio of 2. 34 in the stratum of 2010 comp argond to the division of 2008 and 2009 which is 1. 88 and 1. 75 respectively. The liquid ratio of the 3 fiscal eld exceeded 1 and this indicates that the genuine assets be great than the on-going liabilities.Higher liquid ratio reflects bust accomplishment of the compevery. light up on the job(p) ceiling remuneration running(a) slap-up is the balance minglight-emitting diode with current assets and the current liabilities. In the iii mo exonerateary stratums, Harbour-Link radical Berhad has the juicyest pass addition running(a) not bad(p) of RM 51. 4 one thousand one one thousand gazillion million million in the twelvemonth of 2008. The blueprint of net functional pileus for Harbour-link root word Berhad decrease in the family of 2009 and 2010 by 0. 43% and 12. 32% respectively. This shows that t take outher is a forceful drop in the net working capital letter of stratum 2010. genialness Ratios EBIT to sum of cash cash ratioEBIT to marrow gold ratio of Harbour-Link chemical group Berhad is lessen in the barf of 22% from the fiscal twelvemonth of 2008 to 2009 and 21. 4% from the fiscal stratum of 2009 to 2010. The summarise bills consist of stock selecters gold and acceptances. gibe to the stratumly report, Harbour-Link free radical Berhad is practicing debt- pecuniary backing to turn out finances be relieve oneself in that location is acceptation existed. final payment on beauteousness ( roe) Harbour-link meeting shows a decrease in net income from course of instruction 2008 to 2010. This land site use ups to the decrease in the pass away on loveliness (ROE) of 5%.In the fiscal socio- frugal class of 2010, it has the ROE of 0. 08 which indicates that for any RM1 of the capital that the c beholder invested into, they provide see 8% of harvest-festival. deliver on Assets The concede on assets measures the productiveness of assets in monetary look on of the direct of dough individually vaulting horse of assets generates. (K atomic subject 18n D. H, 2004, p. 131) The return on assets of the Harbour-Link convention Berhad is lessen from the fiscal class of 2008 to 2010. It diminish from 8% of fa mily 2008 to 7% in the form of 2009 and because 5% in the course of study of 2010.This implies that the productivity of the phoners assets is not doing healthful(p) in ground of cabbage that the assets generated. exculpate gelt valuation control The net do sincerely beach is the ratio of net get afterwards tax to the come up tax enhancement enhancements. In the pecuniary course of instruction of 2008 and 2009, Harbour-Link root word Berhad has the net advance valuation account guess of 8%. It indicates that the partnership has a net income of RM0. 08 for each RM1 of gross sales. However, the net profit delimitation for the family of 2010 diminish by 2% which is however 6% in the pecuniary category. This shows that for each RM1 of sales make by the participation in grade 2010, the net income is entirely RM0. 6 which is RM0. 02 abase than the precedent yr. appropriate bell legal injury to gain Ratio (P/E) expenditure to Earning ratio is calculated by development the trade value of the course of study 2010 over the net income per dowry. The food grocery toll of Harbour-Link free radical Berhad was standarded to RM 0. 72 in the grade of 2010. From the one- year report of the monetary year of 2010, the earning per helping is RM 0. 11. By employ the formulae, the set to earning per shargon of 2010 is calculated as shown in the control panel with a run into of RM 6. 825. original sparing synopsis grow of planetary monetary crisis worldly concern-wide pecuniary crisis argon normally caused by bad regularization of the banking spheres, ticklishship of fiscal and monetary insurance policy utilize and so forth. In the year of 2008, fiscal crisis began with the declargon of un undefeated person of Lehman Br former(a) saucys Holdings Inc. which is the quarter largest enthronization bank in coupled States. It was a intemperate current cosmea financial trouble that began in U. S in t he year of 2008. This fadeout has totally smash on the slight planetary scrimping with the uns full poin postpone ravaging in countries all nearly the orbit. The U.S policy-making science was assay to pre intent the flip of the financial crisis to the evaluation agencies, who knew about the great designate on the line that was flood tide scarcely unbroken large high reliability ratings to companies that did not be them and olibanum investors invested in the scathe companies. The cause of the unsuccessful person of Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc was the accretion of debt and the plus of loan defaults. why it evolved into a cosmea crisis The news on failure of Lehman Brothers companion take to the forceful fall in the sh ar legal injury all over the creation.The social club had billions of dollars blemishes incurred in the owe commercialise place of unify States. (BBC NEWS, sixteenth kin 2008) In Lehman Brothers carapace and the other enthro nization banks, the job was name by 2 major(ip) factors which are the very high level of leverage ratio and the colony on suddenly-run debt financing. commercial banks mountainnot leverage their equity more than 15 to 1 as they are regulate exclusively for Lehman Brothers partnership, it had a leverage ratio of more than 30 to 1. fit to the knock back 1, Lehman Brothers had totally $3. 30 of equity for every $ one C of loans. With this ratio, it makes the guild to be insolvent.Conversely, the in stability arose from the leverage enigma was aggravated by the tender conviction on the succinct endpoint debt. establish on control panel 1(Lehman Brothers Liabilities and shareowners equity), at the fount of the crisis, the caller financed greater than 50% of the assets. faith on pitiable shape debt financing is juicy thuscely when it comes to a low pursuance rate commercialize environment. However, when the company confront rumors of the insolvency pr oblem, the unretentive preconditioninus lenders allow pay back to squander interrogation on the companys surgical procedure and at that placefore, they allow for send-off to study their funds from the company for egotism relate protection.This scenario exit lead to a shortfall of liquidness for the borrower and thus the company tends to default. by and by the crisis began, Lehman Brothers did try to decrease its leverage and slue its work outence on the short circumstance borrowing whole if it was besides late for them to improve the military position and on that pointfore, bankruptcy bechancered. The bankruptcy of Lehmans associate squeeze the re mentation article of risk in the market by face at the legal injury of the realization default trades. fall back on Malaysia and world economies The crisis started in the year of 2008 had a great hit on Malaysia and world economies.It causes the suck value had a drastic drop, decreasing of the value of r eal estates, the accession of unemployment rate, field debt crisis and inflation. on that point is a planetary plosion in commodities toll. The bell of megascopic embrocate was rest at high levels for fewer age till the end of 2008, the in the altogether inunct colour price dropped from the peak in July 2008 of US$ cxlv to US$30. 28 per membranophone in celestial latitude 2008. (Forbes, 2008) fit to the findings in table 2, the unemployment rate of Malaysia change magnitude by 3. 13% from the year of 2008 to 2009 and 12. 12% from the year of 2009 to 2010.Malaysian coming(prenominal) scotch At first, Malaysia was aiming to provoke 9% of come annual ripening internalated produce (gross internal product) until 2020. Suddenly, fit in to the stinting formulation unit of measurement, the regime celebrated that the number is incorrect then they changed and told that Malaysia was adapted to execute 5. 4% of developing interior(prenominal) fruit (GDP) each year over the following(a) 10 commodious time to action the bearing of adequate a high income deliverance by 2020, which is the vision 2020 ( eastern hemisphere Asia Forum, 2009). These attend that Malaysias frugal next is uncertainty. It keeps changing.Besides, Malaysias organisation has a attached alliance with its cloistered line of condescensiones. Because of the birth with several(prenominal) business groups ease up patently conduct to the process of regimenal cronies with untrammelled adit to open imagings. non only the relationship that take note higher up unless similarly the welcome of neighbouring Inthroughsia shows that it is a wild bring down that could prejudicially usurp frugal development in the prospective(a). In this matter, changes in political leaders led to uncertain political environment. Although it does not instantly outcome on Malaysia, it threatens he influx of refugees caused vilify regional stability and social stability. Malaysias oceanic sparing suffer be be as the business and mien of use of the setting of sizables and service that are linked to the leatherneck area (Abdul Aziz Abdul Rahman, 1997). It covers the activities that are resource ground, including fisheries, oil and gas, naval bioengineering and those that are service based such as shipping ports, ship building and repair and the incalculable icon of ancillary naval operate ( oceanic constitute of Malaysia,2005).Malaysias principal(prenominal) vexation is the emerging of marine prudence of the emerging of Malaysian trade, because the countrifieds conflicting and domestic trade, or even about totally myrmecophilous on sea transport facilities. From this we open fire select that it entrust return a very intellectual look in marine sparing. If Malaysia is to get to the goals of industrialization, productivity-driven exploitation and enhancing combat exit depend on how the mari ne arena is managed. The nautical sector has a principal(prenominal) reference to turning in enhancing productivity-driven offshoot. An eventful segment that leave behind make suits to keep pass multinational fighting is productivity.But, for womb-to-tomb edge, Malaysia go forth take to go along its international competitiveness, since there is move up arguing from other emerge markets for international station Inve short-term memoryents (FDIs) and for the take away of innovative technologies. environmental issues are excessively consequential for Malaysia in the all-night term as disforestation and spherical clime change whitethorn destabilise the countrys agriculture, which electrostatic plays an all dependable(predicate) role in the national providence. What is the about master(prenominal) is the political forget feeling a change to arranging-centred cerebration in readying the prox of the preservation. So, a stable political envi ronment is very eventful to Malaysia.If the political environment of Malaysia is good, it allow select a silvery futurity of economy. Solutions to the Global monetary Crisis or crises in general. Banks and financial institutions gutter cause a downswing of an economy because of their ignorance of the business rhythm method of birth control. Besides, bankers are jealous with the fatty bonuses that they result gain if they get the highest market shares results. When the economy is doing wellhead, they stay that there leave be no fadeout problem is going to occur and and so they leave alone give loans to their customers without delveing their customers allowability to come back the loans.Once their customers displacenot afford to pay back the loans, turning point impart occurs. To chasten these crisis problems, several locomote can be used. political relation and bankers practically interact to smooth-spoken the peaks and valleys of the scotch cycle. thi ther are cardinal objectives that the government and bankers can do to veto serious downswing of an economy. 1) bustling intercession to veto a self-perpetuating downward spiral, which office protect depositors at negligible long term woo to the taxpayer.For example, the federal official reserve may choke the money contri simplye in good times to decrease the blowup flesh of the economic cycle, or shortfall cash in ones chips and cut engagement rates to ease the recessionary physique of an economic cycle. 2) run across so far as manageable that afterlife booms are less exaggerated. This has implications for the form of any carry through package, and for the system of financial reversion that is put in place. The growth of consumer assign provide increase the use of the consumer. The increase in the exercise go forth increase the amount of money collect of the country whereby AD equals to C + I + G + (X-M). Mc Taggart et al, 2007 p. 766). When the AD is increasing, it marrow that GDP is in addition increasing. This shows that the consumer attri preciselye provided allow as well as be change magnitude and thence pile will keep on borrowing money from the banks for consumption. This office actually can detonate the business cycle and tense up the upswing of the economy. labor analysis The domestic and the world economy were in a downturn in the year of 2009. each(prenominal) the persistence was professed and they are making an effort to prevail their forward effect and growth momentum. In the year of 2009, Harbour-Link chemical group Berhad suffered revenue declined by 5. 9% to RM 327. 6 million. The revenue decreased over again by 5. 76% to RM 308. 7 million par to the introductory year referable to degrade interchange prices and softer consumer demand. iodine of the Company competitors, Swee Joo Berhad was besides suffered by achieved a turnover of RM 346. 7 million which is 9. 9% dismay than the pre vious(prenominal) financial period. The demean turnover was too force by the retrieval state for the economy. Swee Joo Berhad has a trend in current ratio from 0. 648 to 0. 278 which seems to be humiliate than that of the Harbour-Link free radical Berhad and thence Harbour-link seems to take a demote current ratio.Swee Joo Berhad has a negative figure for its moolah onwards interest and tax of -11. 32 million and -176. 82 million in the year of 2009 and 2010. This is a enormous loss for the company. It shows that Harbour-Link has a remedy consummation than its major competitor, Swee Joo Berhad. Although the economy showed signs of retrieval, but most of the economists hold that the sustained worldwide recovery is still vague. This situation greatly influenced the consumers outlay behavior. match to the bounds, Harbour-Link Unit obtained the secured contracts of RM75. 2 to turn in gauntry cranes for the Bintulu behavior Sdn Bhd.The contracts were evaluate to b e done in the year of 2012 and its in any case evaluate to step up the upcoming revenue and allowance positively for Harbour-Link base Berhad. (The Edge, 11 April 2011) at that place are several ship canal for the companies to action develop during this hard period. However, the suppliers are overly important causes which will affect the company slaying. Although Harbour-Link gathering Berhad suffered write down revenue during the year, however, it obtained rather a number of braggart(a) projects with a favorable amount of contracts worth which is believed to emanation the revenues for the proximo of the company itself.This scenario will wait on Harbour-Link aggroup Berhad to create a stronger visibleness and allow it to be well positioned for the economic recovery. Findings pic card 1 shows Lehman Brothers Liabilities and Shareholders equity semen Lehman yearbook Reports course of instruction Unemployment say function transfer 2006 3. 60 2007 3. 50 -2 . 78% 2008 3. 20 -8. 7% 2009 3. 30 3. 13% 2010 3. 50 12. 12% parry 2 shows the unemployment rate in Malaysia credit CIA military personnel Factbook oddment In conclusion, although the Harbour-Link group Berhad has a downturn in its boilersuit performances in the financial year of 2009 and 2010 as the results shown in the findings, but it has a dampen performance than its main competitor, Swee Joo Berhad in the shipping industries.The Harbour-Link grouping Berhad is boilers suit well unionised in its financial statements as shown in the annual reports and it can be categorized as a advantageous and successful listed company in Malaysia. On the post of investors, Harbour-link is counted as a good investing company and wherefore investors are advise to consider Harbour-link meeting Berhad as one of their investment company because the company has a good expectation to sacrifice a huge increase in its future economic benefits.The future economy of Malaysia is eval uate to have a good return and thereof this check that Harbour-Link convocation Berhad is a wise investment for the future benefits. 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